1. Переведите на русский язык интернациональные слова.

Transmission, system, mechanism, radiator, friction, automobile, cardan, portion, final, accelerator, pedal, position.

2. Переведите предложения на русский язык, используя приведенные в упражнении 1 слова.

1. The chassis includes the running gear, the power transmission and the steering mechanism.

2.The power transmission consists of the clutch, gearbox, cardan shaft, rear axle, final drive, differential and axle shafts.

3.The clutch connects the engine with the driving wheels.

4.The gearbox changes the speed of the car movement.

5.The steering mechanism changes the direction of the car.

 

3. Прочтите и переведите текст, а затем выполните следующие за ним упражнения.

TEXT

Chassis

The main units of the chassis are: the power transmission, the run­ning gear and the steering mechanism. The power transmission includes the whole mechanism between the engine and the rear wheels. This entire mechanism consists of the clutch, gearbox, propeller (cardan) shaft, rear axle, final drive, differential and axle shafts.

At the front end of the car is the engine. On the back of it is the flywheel. Behind the flywheel is the clutch. The clutch is a friction de­vice connecting the engine with the gears of the gearbox. The main function of the gearbox is to change the speed of the car.

The power is always transmitted by the cardan shaft to the live back axle. The final drive reduces the high speed of the engine to the low speed of the driving wheels. The differential enables the driving wheels to turn at different speeds which is necessary when turning the car. The foundation of the automobile is the frame to which different chassis units are attached.

The rear axle is capable of moving up and down about the frame. The rear axle is an important part of the transmission. It carries the greater portion of the weight of the car.

The steering mechanism is designed for changing the direction of the car.

The brakes are used for stopping the car, for decreasing its speed and for holding the car position.

 

Послетекстовые упражнения

The exercises to be done after reading the text

4. Найдите в тексте ответы на следующие вопросы.

1.What main units does the chassis consist of?

2.Where is the engine located?

3.Where is the flywheel fixed?

4.Where is the clutch placed?

5.What is the gearbox designed for?

6.By what shaft is the power transmitted to the back axle?

7.What does the rear axle do?

8.. What is the function of the differential?

9. What purpose is the steering system designed for?

10. What is the function of the brakes?

 

5. Переведите на английский язык следующие предложения (при выполнении задания вы можете обращаться к тексту).

1.Основными узлами шасси являются: трансмиссия, ходо­вая часть и рулевой механизм.

2.Радиатор расположен в передней части автомобиля.

3.Маховик крепится на задней части двигателя.

4.Сцепление соединяет двигатель с коробкой передач.

5.Коробка передач предназначена для изменения скорости движения автомобиля.

6.Усилие передается карданным валом.

7.Главная передача снижает высокие обороты двигателя до невысоких оборотов ведущих колес.

8.Дифференциал позволяет ведущим колесам вращаться с разной скоростью при повороте автомобиля.

9.Рулевой механизм предназначен для изменения на­правления движения автомобиля.

10.Тормоза используются для остановки или снижения скорости автомобиля.

6. Подберите  соответствующее описание узла или механизма автомобиля, названия, которых представлены.

1.differential

2.steering wheel

3.clutch

4.rear axle

5.steering system

6.speedometer

7.brakes

8.gearbox

9.cardan shaft

a).mechanism used to increase the speed of the car

b).wheel used to turn the direction of the car

c).mechanism used to transmit power to the back axle

d).instrument used to measure the speed of the car

e).mechanism that slows or stops the car

f).mechanism used to guide the car

g).mechanism used to engage or disen­gage the engine with gearbox

h).mechanism used to carry the greater portion of the car weight

e).mechanism used to turn the wheels at different speeds

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